Confused about lumps under your skin? Learn the key differences between cysts and lipomas, how to identify them, and when to see a specialist for treatment.
Lumps and bumps under the skin can be alarming, but many are harmless. Two of the most common types are cysts and lipomas. While they may look similar at first glance, understanding their differences can help you identify them and determine when to seek professional advice.
If you suspect you have a cyst or lipoma, schedule a consultation with our dermatology team today. We’re here to help you care for your skin with expert care and personalized treatment plans.
What Are Cysts?
A cyst is a closed sac-like structure that can form under the skin. Depending on its type, it is typically filled with fluid, pus, or other material.
Common Types of Cysts
- Epidermoid Cysts
Often referred to as sebaceous cysts, these develop when keratin (a protein in the skin) becomes trapped under the surface. - Pilar Cysts
Usually found on the scalp, these arise from hair follicles. - Ganglion Cysts
Found near joints or tendons, often on the wrists or hands.
Key Characteristics of Cysts
- Appearance: Round, smooth, and sometimes red or swollen.
- Texture: Firm but can be squishy.
- Growth: Can grow over time but typically remain small.
- Pain: May be tender if infected or inflamed.
What Are Lipomas?
A lipoma is a slow-growing, fatty lump that develops between the skin and the underlying muscle layer. Lipomas are generally non-cancerous and painless.
Key Characteristics of Lipomas
- Texture: Soft and doughy to the touch.
- Appearance: Dome-shaped or oval, often with no discoloration of the overlying skin.
- Growth: Typically grows slowly over months or years.
- Pain: Rarely painful unless pressing on nerves or other tissues.
Cyst vs. Lipoma: Key Differences
| Feature | Cyst | Lipoma |
|---|---|---|
| Origin | Blocked gland or hair follicle | Fatty tissue accumulation |
| Texture | Firm, sometimes squishy | Soft, doughy |
| Growth Rate | Can appear suddenly | Grows slowly over time |
| Pain | Painful if infected | Usually painless |
| Size | Small to medium | Can grow larger (over 5 cm) |
| Location | Often near hair follicles | Common on neck, shoulders, back |
When to See a Specialist
Although most cysts and lipomas are benign, knowing when professional evaluation is necessary is essential. Here are key signs to watch for:
For Cysts:
- Rapid Growth: If the cyst proliferates, it could be infected.
- Pain or Discomfort: Persistent pain may indicate an infection or deeper issue.
- Drainage or Discharge: See a specialist immediately if the cyst leaks fluid or pus.
- Unusual Location: Cysts in sensitive areas (e.g., face, groin) may require professional removal.
For Lipomas:
- Rapid Growth: While rare, some lipomas can grow quickly, requiring further evaluation.
- Pain: If the lipoma presses on a nerve or blood vessel, it may cause discomfort.
- Hard Consistency: If the lump feels unusually firm, it’s worth checking.
- Changes in Shape or Color: Any noticeable changes warrant a consultation.
How Are Cysts and Lipomas Treated?
Treatment for Cysts
- Draining: A specialist may drain the cyst if it’s filled with fluid.
- Surgical Removal: In some cases, complete removal is necessary to prevent recurrence.
- Antibiotics: If infected, antibiotics may be prescribed.
Treatment for Lipomas
- Surgical Removal: Often done for cosmetic reasons or if the lipoma is causing discomfort.
- Liposuction: Occasionally used to remove smaller lipomas.
When Should You Take Action?
While most cysts and lipomas are harmless, a small percentage of lumps could be cancerous. Always consult a dermatologist or specialist if:
- The lump is irregular in shape.
- There is a change in size, color, or texture.
- The lump is hard and immovable.
Contact St. Louis Dermatology & Cosmetic Surgery Today
Understanding the differences between cysts and lipomas can provide peace of mind and help you take the proper steps for treatment. If you’re unsure about a lump, it’s always better to seek professional advice. Early diagnosis and treatment can ensure the best outcomes for your skin health.
If you suspect you have a cyst or lipoma, schedule a consultation with our dermatology team today. We’re here to help you care for your skin with expert care and personalized treatment plans.
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